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The witching hour.

Intense evening crying that resists soothing, usually between 5pm and 11pm. It typically starts around 2 to 3 weeks, peaks near 6 weeks, and fades by 3 to 4 months. It is normal, it is temporary, and it is not caused by anything you did.

If you feel yourself reaching the end of your patience

It is always safe to put your baby down in a safe place and walk away for a few minutes. A baby crying alone in an empty crib, on their back, is safe. A baby being held by someone who has run out of coping is not.

Never shake a baby. Shaking can cause permanent brain injury or death in seconds. This is the central message of the Period of PURPLE Crying program from the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome: the crying is normal, it will pass, and stepping away to breathe is the right thing to do — not a failure.

If you are struggling, call someone. A partner, a friend, your pediatrician, or a parent helpline. Reaching this point does not make you a bad parent; it makes you a tired one.

What PURPLE stands

for.

Each letter describes a feature of normal infant crying. The point of the acronym is that all six are expected, and none of them mean something has gone wrong.

PPeak of cryingIncreases from about 2 weeks, peaks around 6 to 8 weeks, then declines.
UUnexpectedStarts and stops for no reason you can identify.
RResists soothingContinues despite everything that usually works.
PPain-like faceLooks like pain even when nothing hurts.
LLong lastingCan run for hours at a stretch.
EEveningClusters in the late afternoon and evening.

The timeline

Typical witching hour timeline by age
AgeWhat to expectNotes
0–2 weeksUsually quietMost newborns are sleepy in the early days. Evening fussiness has not started yet.
2–3 weeksIt beginsOften coincides with the first growth spurt and the start of cluster feeding.
6 weeksThe peakGenerally the hardest point. Crying is at its maximum and least responsive to soothing.
2–3 monthsEasingEpisodes get shorter and more predictable as self-regulation improves.
3–4 monthsLargely resolvedMost babies are through it. Persisting beyond this is worth mentioning to your pediatrician.

What sometimes

helps.

  1. 1Motion — walking, rocking, a carrier, or a pram
  2. 2Consistent sound — white noise, a fan, or running water
  3. 3Skin-to-skin contact, which settles both of you
  4. 4A change of scene, including stepping outside
  5. 5Dimming lights and cutting stimulation early in the evening
  6. 6Offering a feed, even if it seems too soon

Nothing on this list works every time, and that is the defining feature of the phase rather than a sign you have missed something. Evening crying frequently overlaps with cluster feeding, so a baby may want to feed constantly and still be inconsolable.

Witching hour, colic, or something to check

The witching hour is shorter, milder evening fussiness. Colic is more intense and longer lasting, often described as crying for more than three hours a day, more than three days a week, for more than three weeks.

Either way, contact your pediatrician if crying comes with fever, vomiting, poor feeding, fewer wet diapers, unusual lethargy, or a cry that sounds different from usual. Any fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher in a baby under 3 months needs same-day advice.

Proof it's a phase, not your whole life.

When you are inside it, the witching hour feels permanent. A few weeks of logged evenings show the episodes getting shorter — which is the single most reassuring thing available at 7pm on week six.

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Common questions

What is the witching hour in babies?

The witching hour is a stretch of intense fussiness and crying, usually in the late afternoon or evening between roughly 5pm and 11pm, that resists the usual soothing. Despite the name it often runs for two to three hours. It is a normal developmental phase rather than a sign that anything is wrong.

When does the witching hour start and stop?

It typically begins around 2 to 3 weeks of age, peaks near 6 weeks, and fades by around 3 to 4 months as a baby's nervous system matures. The related Period of PURPLE Crying is generally described as starting around 2 weeks and ending around 3 to 5 months.

What is the Period of PURPLE Crying?

PURPLE is an acronym used to describe normal infant crying: Peak of crying, Unexpected, Resists soothing, Pain-like face, Long lasting, and Evening. It was developed by the National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome to help parents understand that a period of inconsolable crying is normal and time-limited, and that it is never a reason to shake a baby.

Is the witching hour the same as colic?

No. The witching hour is shorter and milder evening fussiness. Colic is more intense and longer lasting, and is often defined by crying for more than three hours a day, more than three days a week, for more than three weeks. If crying fits that pattern, or you are worried, speak to your pediatrician.

Why do babies get fussy in the evening?

There is no single agreed cause. Commonly cited factors include accumulated overstimulation across the day, an immature nervous system that is least able to self-regulate by evening, overtiredness from short or missed late naps, and natural variation in feeding. Evening cluster feeding often happens at the same time, which compounds it.

What can I do during the witching hour?

Approaches that commonly help include motion such as walking or rocking, white noise or other consistent sound, skin-to-skin contact, a change of environment such as stepping outside, dimming lights and reducing stimulation, and offering a feed. Nothing works every time, and a baby who resists soothing is not evidence that you are doing it wrong.

When should I call a doctor about crying?

Contact your pediatrician if crying is accompanied by fever, vomiting, poor feeding, fewer wet diapers, unusual lethargy or floppiness, or if the cry sounds different from usual — for example unusually high-pitched or weak. Any fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher in a baby under 3 months needs same-day medical advice.

Sources

This page is general information, not medical advice. Persistent or unusual crying should be assessed by a clinician. Seek urgent care if your baby has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher under 3 months, is difficult to rouse, is feeding poorly, or if their cry sounds unusual to you. If you ever feel at risk of losing control, put your baby down somewhere safe and get help.